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0:00:00​ | Intro
0:00:30​ | History of valves
0:02:18​ | JAES
0:02:31​ | Classification of valves
0:05:16​ | Ball Valve
0:05:42​ | Plug Valve
0:06:03​ | Butterfly Valve
0:06:27​ | Gate Valve
0:06:49​ | Globe Valve
0:07:24​ | Needle Valve
0:07:42​ | Diaphragm Valve
0:08:03​ | Pinch Valve
0:08:31​ | Relief and Safety Valve
0:08:59​ | Check Valve
0:09:27​ | Tesla Valve
0:09:48​ | Flow Coefficient ( formula )
0:11:00​ | Conclusions

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JAES is a company specialized in the maintenance of industrial plants with a customer support at 360 degrees, from the technical advice to maintenance, until final delivery of the industrial spare parts.

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Valves are tools that direct, control or regulate the flow of a fluid.
They can allow or interrupt the flow, regulate the flow rate or pressure and their body has inlet and outlet ports, inside of which there is a moving element for flow regulation or interruption.
Since the dawn of civilization human beings used primitive valves, as they settled down for long periods in a place instead of living as hunters-gatherers. Water supply was essential for nutrition and irrigation permitting small cities to survive. 7000 years ago in Jericho, Israel, water used to be stored in wells, to be successively distributed thanks to simple primitive systems of supply. Ancient civilizations became prosperous thanks to their ability to manage water resources till the ancient Greeks invented first true valves.
First bronze valves, both cylinder plug and gate-valve type, were made with metallurgical procedures and equipped with mechanical devices.
Vitruvius mentioned in his writings some Greek valves similar to the modern butterfly valves. Even Hero in his writing “Milliarion” described a horse head valve, which had the same function as a modern ball valve.
In the Roman age the use of valves and taps in water network increased to reduce water waste following the raise of new aqueducts and amazing development in metallurgy. Romans used cylinder plug valves, or rarely conical, which body and male were made through casting.
With the decline of the Roman Empire and with the barbarians devastating cities, during the Middle Age monasteries were the places where this kind of technology was kept alive.
In this video we’re going to explain the most famous types of valves and how they work.
For over ten years Jaes Company has been providing industrial spare parts and offers every type of valve from leading producers.
There are many types of valve and several classification criteria:
The first way to classify a valve is by its shape; as a matter of fact, the valve usually takes the name of the external shape of the plug or from how it moves.
The plug is the valve’s main part and it’s used to start, stop or regulate the flow. For example, the ball valve gets the name from the sphere-shaped plug. The globe valve, instead, gets its name from the external shape, whereas the gate valve from movement of the plug up and down, like a proper gate.The second method is by drive type. In order to activate a valve you need a force that can be manual using a lever or a handwheel, or derive from actuators, for example:
– electromagnetic (with a solenoid);
– electromechanical (with an electric motor);
– pneumatic (by a pneumatic cylinder);
– hydraulic (by an hydraulic cylinder)
– thermostatic (thermal expansion makes the plug move).
In this classification method one must also consider whether they are rotary or linear motion valves. Rotary valves require a 1/4 of a turn of the plug to completely start or stop the flow, thus they are called fast-acting valves; some examples are ball valves and butterfly valves.
In linear motion valves the plug gets lifted and lowered to start, regulate or stop the flow; some examples are gate valves and globe valves.
The third classification method is by type of application. Valves can act as:
– shut off valve (to stop and start the flow);
– control valve (for intermediate adjustments of flow or pressure of a fluid);
– air relief valve (to eliminate excess air);
– safety valve (to allow the leak of fluid in overpressure condition);
– check valve (to permit the flow just in one direction).
Let’s now see various types of valves.
If you’re interested in the type of valve you’re watching and want to know more, click the upper right link to watch a video about it.

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